The American Recovery and Reinvestment Act of 2009 (ARRA) was signed into law by President Obama on February 17, 2009 (P.L. 111-5). The primary purposes of the ARRA focus on promoting economic recovery, assisting those most affected by the recession, improving economic efficiency by "spurring technological advances in science and health," investing in infrastructure, and stabilizing state and local government budgets. The ARRA provides funds to several existing education programs administered by the U.S. Department of Education (ED), including programs authorized by the Elementary and Secondary Education Act (ESEA), the Individuals with Disabilities Education Act (IDEA), and the Higher Education Act (HEA). It also provides general state fiscal stabilization grants to support education at the elementary, secondary, and postsecondary levels, as well as "public safety and other government services." Funds made available through the State Fiscal Stabilization Fund may be used for modernization, renovation, or repair of public school or higher education facilities. Under the House and Senate versions of H.R. 1, funds also would have been provided to several existing education programs administered by the U.S. Department of Education (ED), including programs authorized by the ESEA, IDEA, and HEA. The House bill, but not the Senate bill, would have ...